redesign fully scaffolded and web login works
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.agents/skills/email-and-password-best-practices/SKILL.md
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.agents/skills/email-and-password-best-practices/SKILL.md
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---
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name: email-and-password-best-practices
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description: Configure email verification, implement password reset flows, set password policies, and customise hashing algorithms for Better Auth email/password authentication. Use when users need to set up login, sign-in, sign-up, credential authentication, or password security with Better Auth.
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---
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## Quick Start
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1. Enable email/password: `emailAndPassword: { enabled: true }`
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2. Configure `emailVerification.sendVerificationEmail`
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3. Add `sendResetPassword` for password reset flows
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4. Run `npx @better-auth/cli@latest migrate`
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5. Verify: attempt sign-up and confirm verification email triggers
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---
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## Email Verification Setup
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Configure `emailVerification.sendVerificationEmail` to verify user email addresses.
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```ts
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import { betterAuth } from "better-auth";
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import { sendEmail } from "./email"; // your email sending function
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailVerification: {
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sendVerificationEmail: async ({ user, url, token }, request) => {
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await sendEmail({
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to: user.email,
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subject: "Verify your email address",
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text: `Click the link to verify your email: ${url}`,
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});
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},
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},
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});
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```
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**Note**: The `url` parameter contains the full verification link. The `token` is available if you need to build a custom verification URL.
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### Requiring Email Verification
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For stricter security, enable `emailAndPassword.requireEmailVerification` to block sign-in until the user verifies their email. When enabled, unverified users will receive a new verification email on each sign-in attempt.
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```ts
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailAndPassword: {
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requireEmailVerification: true,
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},
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});
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```
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**Note**: This requires `sendVerificationEmail` to be configured and only applies to email/password sign-ins.
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## Client Side Validation
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Implement client-side validation for immediate user feedback and reduced server load.
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## Callback URLs
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Always use absolute URLs (including the origin) for callback URLs in sign-up and sign-in requests. This prevents Better Auth from needing to infer the origin, which can cause issues when your backend and frontend are on different domains.
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```ts
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const { data, error } = await authClient.signUp.email({
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callbackURL: "https://example.com/callback", // absolute URL with origin
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});
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```
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## Password Reset Flows
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Provide `sendResetPassword` in the email and password config to enable password resets.
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```ts
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import { betterAuth } from "better-auth";
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import { sendEmail } from "./email"; // your email sending function
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailAndPassword: {
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enabled: true,
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// Custom email sending function to send reset-password email
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sendResetPassword: async ({ user, url, token }, request) => {
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void sendEmail({
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to: user.email,
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subject: "Reset your password",
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text: `Click the link to reset your password: ${url}`,
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});
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},
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// Optional event hook
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onPasswordReset: async ({ user }, request) => {
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// your logic here
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console.log(`Password for user ${user.email} has been reset.`);
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},
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},
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});
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```
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### Security Considerations
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Built-in protections: background email sending (timing attack prevention), dummy operations on invalid requests, constant response messages regardless of user existence.
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On serverless platforms, configure a background task handler:
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```ts
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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advanced: {
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backgroundTasks: {
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handler: (promise) => {
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// Use platform-specific methods like waitUntil
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waitUntil(promise);
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},
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},
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},
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});
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```
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#### Token Security
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Tokens expire after 1 hour by default. Configure with `resetPasswordTokenExpiresIn` (in seconds):
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```ts
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailAndPassword: {
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enabled: true,
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resetPasswordTokenExpiresIn: 60 * 30, // 30 minutes
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},
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});
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```
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Tokens are single-use — deleted immediately after successful reset.
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#### Session Revocation
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Enable `revokeSessionsOnPasswordReset` to invalidate all existing sessions on password reset:
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```ts
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailAndPassword: {
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enabled: true,
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revokeSessionsOnPasswordReset: true,
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},
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});
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```
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#### Password Requirements
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Password length limits (configurable):
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```ts
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailAndPassword: {
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enabled: true,
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minPasswordLength: 12,
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maxPasswordLength: 256,
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},
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});
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```
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### Sending the Password Reset
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Call `requestPasswordReset` to send the reset link. Triggers the `sendResetPassword` function from your config.
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```ts
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const data = await auth.api.requestPasswordReset({
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body: {
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email: "john.doe@example.com", // required
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redirectTo: "https://example.com/reset-password",
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},
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});
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```
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Or authClient:
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```ts
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const { data, error } = await authClient.requestPasswordReset({
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email: "john.doe@example.com", // required
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redirectTo: "https://example.com/reset-password",
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});
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```
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**Note**: While the `email` is required, we also recommend configuring the `redirectTo` for a smoother user experience.
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## Password Hashing
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Default: `scrypt` (Node.js native, no external dependencies).
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### Custom Hashing Algorithm
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To use Argon2id or another algorithm, provide custom `hash` and `verify` functions:
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```ts
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import { betterAuth } from "better-auth";
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import { hash, verify, type Options } from "@node-rs/argon2";
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const argon2Options: Options = {
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memoryCost: 65536, // 64 MiB
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timeCost: 3, // 3 iterations
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parallelism: 4, // 4 parallel lanes
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outputLen: 32, // 32 byte output
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algorithm: 2, // Argon2id variant
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};
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export const auth = betterAuth({
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emailAndPassword: {
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enabled: true,
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password: {
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hash: (password) => hash(password, argon2Options),
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verify: ({ password, hash: storedHash }) =>
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verify(storedHash, password, argon2Options),
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},
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},
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});
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```
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**Note**: If you switch hashing algorithms on an existing system, users with passwords hashed using the old algorithm won't be able to sign in. Plan a migration strategy if needed.
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