Expand model tag support: add GLM-5.1, simplify Anthropic IDs, scan tags anywhere in message

- Flink update_bars debouncing
- update_bars subscription idempotency bugfix
- Price decimal correction bugfix of previous commit
- Add GLM-5.1 model tag alongside renamed GLM-5
- Use short Anthropic model IDs (sonnet/haiku/opus) instead of full version strings
- Allow @tags anywhere in message content, not just at start
- Return hasOtherContent flag instead of trimmed rest string
- Only trigger greeting stream when tag has no other content
- Update workspace knowledge base references to platform/workspace and platform/shapes
- Hierarchical knowledge base catalog
- 151 Trading Strategies knowledge base articles
- Shapes knowledge base article
- MutateShapes tool instead of workspace patch
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---
description: "A bullet portfolio concentrates all bond holdings at a single target maturity, used to express a directional view on interest rates at a specific point on the yield curve."
tags: [fixed-income, duration, bullet, yield-curve]
---
# Bullets
**Section**: 5.2 | **Asset Class**: Fixed Income | **Type**: Duration / Directional
## Overview
In a bullet portfolio all bonds share the same maturity date T, targeting a specific segment of the yield curve. The strategy expresses a view on the direction of interest rates at that maturity. Bonds are typically purchased over time to mitigate timing risk from rate fluctuations.
## Construction / Mechanics
- Select a target maturity T based on the trader's interest rate outlook.
- Purchase bonds of that maturity, potentially accumulating positions over time.
- Hold to maturity or until the rate view is realized.
Purchasing over time mitigates interest rate risk: if rates rise, later purchases capture higher yields; if rates fall, earlier purchases lock in higher yields.
## Payoff / Return Profile
- **Rates expected to fall** (bond prices rise): pick a longer maturity — longer bonds gain more in price from a given yield decline (higher duration).
- **Rates expected to rise** (bond prices fall): pick a shorter maturity — shorter bonds lose less.
- **Uncertain outlook**: diversify across maturities (barbell or ladder preferred).
## Key Parameters / Signals
- Target maturity T: the single maturity determining duration exposure
- Modified duration: scales with T; determines price sensitivity to rate changes
- Interest rate forecast: the primary signal driving maturity selection
## Variations
- Building the portfolio gradually over time to average in across different rate environments.
## Notes
- Concentrating at one maturity creates pure duration exposure with no convexity advantage.
- Compared to a barbell with the same duration, a bullet has lower convexity, meaning it is more exposed to parallel yield curve shifts.
- Suitable when the trader has a strong directional view on a specific maturity segment.